ADVANCED TYPOGRAPHY TASK1
April 21, 2024
Start Week1-Week3
LI JINGBU/0367209
ADVANCED TYPOGRAPHY/Bachelor of design(honours) in creative media
Instruction
Lecture Summary
Week1
In the first week, Ms. Vinod introduced us to the requirements of the module and the tasks for the semester.
In the first week we need to complete eight printing systems.
Axial
Radial
Dilatational
Random
Grid
Modular
Transitional
Bilateral
"Typographical organization is complex because the elements are dependent on communication in order to function. Additional criteria such as hierarchy, order of reading, legibility, and contrast also come into play.
The typographic systems are akin to what architects term shape grammars. The typographic systems are similar that the systems has a set of rules that is unique and provides a sense of purpose that focuses and directs the decision making." (Elam, 2007)
1.Axial System
All elements are aligned to the left or right of a single axis, which can be curved.
2.Radial System
All elements extend from a single focus and can have multiple focuses.
All elements expand in a circular manner from a central point, and with a layered approach can use multiple circles with messages
4.Random System
Elements don't have a specific pattern or relationship, but there is a method in the chaos of creation.
A system of vertical and horizontal divisions.
6.Modular System
A series of non-subjective elements that are constructed in as a standardised units.
An informal system of layered banding.
All text is arranged symmetrically on a single axis.
Week 2
Principles of Design Composition:
The dominant principles underpinning design composition: isolation, repetition, symmetry, asymmetry, alignment, perspective (abstract concepts).
The rule of thirds is a photographic guide to composition, where a frame or space can be divided into three columns and three rows. Intersecting lines are used as points of interest.
Environmental Grid: This system is based on the exploration of an existing structure or numerous structures combined. An extraction of crucial lines both curved and straight are formed, which includes non-objective elements to create a unique and exciting mixture of texture and visual stimuli.
Form and Movement: This system is based on the exploration of existing Grid Systems. The placement of a form on a page, over many pages, creates movement. Whether the page is paper or screen is irrelevant.
Week3/ Context& Creativity
Handwriting
The initial mechanical generated letterforms were designed to closely resemble handwriting.
The instruments and materials used to create hand-drawn letterforms have an impact on their shape and line.
Cuneiform
The first writing system
Pressing a reed stylus' blunt end into wet clay tablets
Hieroglyphics
Egyption writing system is fused with the art of relief carving. The system was a mixture of both rebus and phonetic characters. Hieroglyphics can be used in three different ways: Ideograms, Determinatives, and Phonograms.
Early Greek
The Greeks adopted the Phoenician system, adding the necessary vowel words into the line, and the direction of reading was not yet fixed. Early Greek letters were drawn freehand, without serifs. Then the strokes began to thicken and serifs began to appear.
Black Letter
Gothic was the culminating artistic expression of the Middle Ages, occurring from 1200-1500. The term Gothic originated with the Italians who used it to refer to rude or barbaric cultures north of the Italian Alps.
Design has a social responsibility
The principle that fonts must be readable
Frutiger (1968) is a sans-serif typeface, a clean, distinctive and legible typeface.
Typefaces from a research perspective: the need for evidence of legibility
Frutiger was subsequently extended to Arabic forms and is widely used.
A new typeface was designed in India with the goal of simplifying sacred characters without compromising ancient calligraphic expressions.
Matthew Carter designs a font for use by Microsoft. Guaranteed to be legible on screen and clear as text at small sizes. Exhibits a pixelated character.
Bell Centennial in order to adapt the ink to paper and printing
Edward Johnson London Underground Type Founders A warm blend of classical Roman proportions and humanism.
Research the general process: sketching and digitizing.
Must know type history, anatomical types, terminology, font history during creation.
Sketching
traditional hand drawing/drawing on software.
Specialization: using adobe illustration or professional font software.
Testing: part of the process of correcting all aspects of the typeface.
Checking fonts for validity: displaying type, text testing type
Fonts are constructed in a square grid.
Notes:
An important visual correction is the curves and bulges, also the distance between fonts needs to be visually corrected.
WEEK5-Perception And Organisation
Perception is “the way in which something is regarded, understood, or interpreted”.Content can be textual, visual， graphical or in the form of colour.
CONTRAST:
Light/Bold,Condense/Extended,Organic/Machnied,Roman/Italic,Small/Large,Negative/Positive,Serif/Sans,serif,Ornate/Simple,Red/Blue.
Size
Weight
Form
Contrast of form is the distinction between a capital letter and its lowercase equivalent, or a roman letter and its italic variant, condensed and expanded versions of typeface are also included under the contrast of form.
Structure
Direction
Contrast of direction is the opposition between vertical and horizontal, and the angles in between.
Gestalt theory emphasizes that the whole of anything is greater than its parts—this is based on the idea that we experience things as unified whole: Instead of breaking down thoughts and behavior to their smallest elements, the gestalt psychologists believed that you must look at the whole of experience.
The Law of Similarity is the gestalt grouping law that states that elements that are similar to each other tend to be perceived as a unified group.
This straightforward law states that items close to each other tend to be grouped together, whereas items further apart are less likely to be grouped together.
The Law of Closure refers to the mind’s tendency to see complete figures or forms even if a picture is incomplete, partially hidden by other objects, or if part of the information needed to make a complete picture in our minds is missing
Law of (Good) Continuation holds that humans tend to perceive each of two or more objects as different, singular, and uninterrupted object even when they intersect.
This straightforward law states that items close to each other tend to be grouped together, whereas items further apart are less likely to be grouped together.
The Law of Closure refers to the mind’s tendency to see complete figures or forms even if a picture is incomplete, partially hidden by other objects, or if part of the information needed to make a complete picture in our minds is missing
Law of (Good) Continuation holds that humans tend to perceive each of two or more objects as different, singular, and uninterrupted object even when they intersect.
Task 1: Typographic System
For the first exercise of this semester, we had to create eight typographic system in Adobe InDesign.
Axial System
Using Fonts: Bembo Std
Radial System
Using Fonts: Univers LT Std
Dilatational System
Using Fonts: Gill Sans
Random System
Using Fonts: ITC New Baskerville Std
Using Fonts: Bodoni Std
Grid System
Using Fonts: Gill Sans
Using Fonts: ITC New Baskerville Std
Bilateral System
Using Fonts: Bodoni Std
PDF
Typographic System Grid and Guides-PDF
Typographic System-PDF
Exercise 2- Finding Type
image used
Traced letters
Letterform Extraction
My reference font is Bembo Std，I think it's close to a rock shape.
reference letter
attempt 1
attempt2
attempt3
Production of poeters
After we creating the fonts, the next assignment is to create the poster.
After Mr.Vinod's reminder, I realized that my main font didn't stand out enough, so I made the change.
In week 8 I realized that the size of my poster was actually wrong, so I ended up adjusting it to 1024✖️1024px.
Feedback
Week 2
General Feedback: Remember the process of further reading and uploading assignments.
Specific Feedback: My radial system is too far down overall and needs to be moved up a bit.
Week 3
General Feedback: After the third week, I made further changes to the font to give it more of a rocky texture.
Specific Feedback: After the instruction, I understood that the thickness of the font should be consistent and not too abrupt.
Week 4
General Feedback: Mr.Vinod commented on our posters this week and suggested changes.
Specific Feedback: My poster was not focused enough and I made changes.
Futher Reading
I decided to read ideas which is about computer typography basics. It said that Fonts come in many different designs. Some of these differences are subtle, while others stand out like the proverbial "sore thumb." Many references subdivide type into only two major categories: serif and sans serif. However, these simplified categories are not adequate for the great variety of fonts that one might encounter on today's computers. This report will use these expanded categories to clarify the difference:
Serif fonts are the most common text or "body" copy font. They can work nicely for headline fonts, as well. "Serifs" are the little feet or arms that hang off the end of letter strokes, and typically add a thick/thin look to the letter. Serif fonts are considered the easiest fonts to read and come in three sub-categories: Oldstyle, Modern, and Square Serif.
OLDSTYLE
Oldstyle is based on classical Roman inscriptions. The letters are very open, wide, and round with pointed serifs and a pleasing contrast between the heavy and light strokes.
Modern
Their name not withstanding, Modern fonts are based on fonts designed over 200 years ago. They have a greater degree of mechanical perfection than Oldstyle fonts, and a greater distinction between the heavy/light strokes, and thin/squared off serifs.
SQUare SeRIF
Slab Serifs are a contemporary style used mainly for small amounts of text, such as advertising copy, subheads, and headlines. The letters have square serifs and mostly uniform strokes with little contrast.
As the name implies, Sans Serif fonts are "without serifs," and usually have an overall even stroke weight, which creates little contrast for the letters. Sans Serif fonts can evoke a more modern look for a report, but can be harder to read than Serif fonts. Although generally used for small amounts of copy, subheads, and headlines,
Sans Serif can be used for larger amounts of body copy, if applied with care.
As the name implies, Sans Serif fonts are "without serifs," and usually have an overall even stroke weight, which creates little contrast for the letters.
Sans Serifs fonts can evoke a more modern look for a report, but can be harder to read than Serif fonts.
Example of a paragraph set in a Sans Serif font (Futura).
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